CVE-2023-25194 : Exploit Details and Defense Strategies

This CVE pertains to a possible security vulnerability identified in Apache Kafka Connect API that could lead to a remote code execution (RCE) or denial of service attack via SASL JAAS JndiLoginModule configuration using Kafka Connect.

Understanding CVE-2023-25194

This section delves into the details of the vulnerability and its impact, as well as the technical aspects associated with CVE-2023-25194.

What is CVE-2023-25194?

The vulnerability in Apache Kafka Connect API allows an authenticated operator to set the

sasl.jaas.config

property for Kafka clients to "com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule." This configuration can lead to the execution of java deserialization gadget chains on the Kafka connect server by connecting to the attacker's LDAP server, potentially resulting in RCE vulnerability.

The Impact of CVE-2023-25194

Exploiting this vulnerability could allow for unrestricted deserialization of untrusted data or RCE when certain conditions are met. Attackers can take advantage of this flaw to compromise the integrity and security of Kafka Connect clusters running affected versions.

Technical Details of CVE-2023-25194

In this section, we explore the vulnerability description, affected systems and versions, as well as the exploitation mechanism associated with CVE-2023-25194.

Vulnerability Description

The vulnerability arises from improper handling of the SASL JAAS JndiLoginModule configuration, enabling attackers to execute malicious Java deserialization gadget chains on the Kafka connect server, leading to potential RCE scenarios.

Affected Systems and Versions

The Apache Kafka Connect API versions prior to 3.4.0, specifically version 2.3.0, are susceptible to this security flaw, allowing attackers to exploit the SASL JAAS JndiLoginModule misconfiguration.

Exploitation Mechanism

Attackers can leverage the ability to set the

sasl.jaas.config

property to "com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule" via various connector configuration properties, enabling the connection to a malicious LDAP server and subsequent exploitation via deserialization gadget chains.

Mitigation and Prevention

This section outlines the steps that users and administrators can take to mitigate and prevent the exploitation of CVE-2023-25194.

Immediate Steps to Take

Users are advised to validate connector configurations, only allow trusted JNDI configurations, and inspect connector dependencies for vulnerable versions. Additionally, applying patches, updating connectors, or removing vulnerable connectors can mitigate the risk.

Long-Term Security Practices

Implementing a connector client config override policy can help control Kafka client properties overridden in a connector config. Users are also encouraged to monitor and maintain proper access controls, configuration, and dependencies to enhance overall security posture.

Patching and Updates

Since Apache Kafka 3.4.0, measures have been implemented to disable problematic login modules and prevent unauthorized access. It is crucial for users to apply the latest patches, updates, and security configurations to safeguard Kafka Connect clusters against potential exploits.