CVE-2021-45474 : Exploit Details and Defense Strategies
Learn about CVE-2021-45474, a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in MediaWiki through version 1.37, allowing attackers to execute malicious scripts through the Special:ImportFile URI.
In MediaWiki through 1.37, the Special:ImportFile URI (aka FileImporter) allows XSS, as demonstrated by the clientUrl parameter.
Understanding CVE-2021-45474
In this CVE, a vulnerability exists in MediaWiki version 1.37 that can be exploited for XSS through the Special:ImportFile URI.
What is CVE-2021-45474?
The CVE-2021-45474 vulnerability pertains to MediaWiki through version 1.37, where the Special:ImportFile URI, also known as FileImporter, exposes a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability through the clientUrl parameter.
The Impact of CVE-2021-45474
The XSS vulnerability in MediaWiki through version 1.37 can be abused by attackers to execute malicious scripts in the context of a user's browser session, potentially leading to unauthorized actions or data theft.
Technical Details of CVE-2021-45474
This section provides more technical insights into the specifics of the CVE.
Vulnerability Description
The vulnerability allows for XSS attacks via the clientUrl parameter in the Special:ImportFile URI in MediaWiki versions up to 1.37.
Affected Systems and Versions
- Affected Product: MediaWiki
- Affected Version: up to 1.37
Exploitation Mechanism
Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious scripts into the clientUrl parameter of the Special:ImportFile URI, leading to potential XSS attacks.
Mitigation and Prevention
Protective measures and actions to safeguard systems against CVE-2021-45474.
Immediate Steps to Take
- Implement a security patch provided by the vendor promptly.
- Monitor and restrict user input, especially in fields where scripts can be injected.
- Employ content security policy (CSP) to reduce the risk of XSS attacks.
Long-Term Security Practices
- Regular security audits and code reviews to identify and fix vulnerabilities.
- Educate developers and users about secure coding practices and the dangers of XSS attacks.
Patching and Updates
Stay updated with patches and security releases from MediaWiki to address vulnerabilities like CVE-2021-45474.